| 摘要: |
| 杭州中山公园兼具清代景观遗址和纪念性公园的双
重园林属性，已有百余年的建园历史，植物景观在其建设、
发展过程中占据着重要地位。梳理民国以来中山公园绿化建设
历程，并借助历史影像和文字史料，对园中3处样点分不同历
史时期进行植物景观平面复原，探究其历史变迁特征。研究表
明，中山公园植物景观建设经历了“加强纪念性氛围-提升游
憩观赏体验-增加园林资源收入-提升风景旅游资源吸引力-加
强文化氛围”数次景观需求的变更，在不同历史时期对植物的
观赏、文化和经济价值各有侧重。从具体的植物调整来看，树
种应用类型受到时代价值取向、植物生长适宜性及景观空间视
线关系等因素影响不断进行优化，水平空间结构的变化与周边
景观要素密切相关，垂直空间结构则多由单层向复层转变，且
乔木相对灌草而言稳定性更高。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 杭州中山公园 植物景观 历史变迁 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Historical Changes of Plant Landscape in Zhongshan Park of Hangzhou (1912—2021) |
| SHEN Shanshan,HU Wanghan,YANG Fan,BAO Zhiyi |
| Abstract: |
| : Hangzhou Zhongshan Park has the dual garden attributes of
Qing Dynasty landscape ruins and memorial park, which has a history
of more than 100 years. Plant landscape occupies an important position
in its construction and development. This paper sorts out the greening
construction process of Zhongshan Park since the Republic of China, and
restores the plant landscape plane of three sample points in different
historical periods based on historical images and written materials, to
explore the characteristics of historical changes. The results show that the
plant landscape construction of Zhongshan Park has had several changes
in landscape demands of "strengthening commemorative
atmosphere - improving sightseeing experience - increasing income of
garden resources - improving attraction of landscape tourism resources -
strengthening cultural atmosphere". There are different emphases on the
ornamental, cultural and economic value of plants in different historical
periods. From the perspective of specific plant adjustment, the application
types of tree species are continuously optimized under the influence of
several factors, such as value orientation of different period, suitability of
plant growth and sight line of landscape space. The change of horizontal
spatial structure is closely related to the surrounding landscape elements,
while the vertical spatial structure is mostly changed from single layer to
multi-layer, and the stability of trees is higher than shrubs and herbs. |
| Key words: : landscape architecture Hangzhou Zhongshan Park plant landscape historical change |
