| 摘要: |
| 准确识别生态安全格局的保护优先区域是支撑国土空间生态修复规划落地实施的重要基础工作。以往关于生态安全格局保护优先区域的辨识研究通常
以生态连通性的相对重要程度作为单一标准，忽略了经济成本对规划实施的影响，因此制约了识别结果的实施可行性。对此，在既往研究的基础上引入系统保护
规划理论，构建了顾及成本-效益的保护优先区域识别方法，包括使用PrioritizR、InVEST和Linkage Mapper等模型识别达成目标效益且成本最小的保护优先
区域。以国土空间生态修复规划实施试点城市——西安市为例进行方法应用。结果表明，西安市共有生态源地159处，生态廊道404条，在30%的保护目标约束
下，满足目标效益且实现最小成本投入的区域面积约为2 014.87 km2，相较于既往主流方法的识别结果，优化后的结果能够确保达成保护目标的同时大幅减少
经济损失。研究构建的顾及成本-效益的优先区识别方法，旨在为未来国土空间生态修复规划方案的实施可行性提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 生态安全格局 连通性保护 系统保护规划 空间优先级 PrioritizR 国土空间生态修复规划 关键区域 |
| DOI：10.19775/j.cla.2025.03.0131 |
| 投稿时间：2023-11-08修订日期：2024-02-24 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3802803)；教育部人文社科一般项目(24YJAZH209)；陕西省自然科学一般项目(2024JC-YBQN-0602，
2024JC-YBQN-0511)；陕西省教育厅专项科研项目(23JK0507) |
|
| Research on the Identification of Priority Areas for the Conservation of Municipal Ecological SecurityPattern Taking into Account the Cost-benefit: A Case Study of Xi'an, Shaanxi Province |
| YAO Longjie,,ZHAO Ruonan,,XU Bingjie,,ZHU Zongbin,,YUE Bangrui* |
| Abstract: |
| At present, the ecological security pattern has become the basis for
the implementation of the planning layout and the key protection areas of the
land space ecological restoration planning. For the next implementation needs
of the planning, how to accurately identify the feasible protection priority areas
is of great significance to the effective implementation of the ecological security
pattern model. In terms of priority decision-making for ecological protection
of territorial space, existing research usually focuses on the maintenance
and improvement of ecological characteristics. However, the influence of
economic and social factors on the planning and implementation is not taken
seriously. Although this mainstream method has identified key irreplaceable
areas for maintaining ecological connectivity for planning, researchers have
proposed to focus only on ecological characteristics and lack of consideration
of economic costs and other factors, which may lead to the fact that the
planning recommendations and action plans proposed in the study may be
too formal to implement. Therefore, in order to respond to the next step of land
space planning, it is urgent to propose a set of cost-effective protection priority
decision-making methods to promote the scientific implementation of ecological
security pattern and realize the ecological security protection vision of land
space planning in a more effective way. In order to improve the shortcomings
of the previous methods in terms of feasibility, this study introduces the basic
theory of the minimum cost scenario of systematic protection planning and the
PiroritizR tool on the basis of the previous research methods for identifying key
protection areas of ecological security pattern, including the use of PrioritizR,
InVEST and Linkage Mapper models to identify the protection priority areas
that achieve the target benefits and have the lowest cost. The results showed
that the extremely important area of comprehensive ecosystem services in
Xi'an was located in the foothills of Qinling Mountains with high forest coverage
and high forest quality. The extremely important areas of habitat quality and
carbon storage were concentrated in the west and south of the northern
foothills of Qinling Mountains. The distribution of soil conservation services
showed a pattern of high in the south and low in the north. The distribution of water
conservation services showed a gradual trend of high in the southwest and low in
the northeast. The low ecological resistance areas in Xi'an are mainly concentrated
in the southwest and southeast, and are distributed in a contiguous manner. A
total of 404 ecological corridors were extracted, with a total length of 2,017.89 km
and an area of 138.8 km2 with extremely important connectivity current density.
Under the 30% target constraint, there is an area of 2,014.87 km2 that can
maintain the protection benefits while minimizing the input costs as much as
possible when carrying out priority protection actions. There are 159 ecological
sources of ecological security pattern in Xi'an, with a total area of 1,935.85 km2,
a total of 404 ecological corridors, and a total length of 2,017.89 km. The priority
protection area of Xi'an ecological security pattern determined by the new
method is 2,014.87 km2. Compared with the traditional method, the protection
benefit of the protection priority area determined by the new method is 4.48
times that of the previous mainstream framework, but the economic benefit loss
is only 0.027% of the previous method. Therefore, the identification framework
proposed in this study can minimize the loss of economic benefits while
maintaining the protection benefits. Aiming at the system governance objectives
and implementation requirements of land space ecological restoration planning,
this study proposes a cost-benefit-based priority area identification method for
ecological security pattern. Aiming at the problem of insufficient consideration of
the feasibility of protecting priority areas in previous studies, this study introduces
the theory and tools of the minimum cost scenario of system protection planning
on the basis of previous mainstream methods, including the use of PrioritizR,
InVEST, Linkage Mapper and other models to identify the priority areas with the
minimum cost, so as to improve the accuracy and implementation of the priority
protection implementation strategy of land space ecological restoration planning. |
| Key words: landscape architecture ecological security pattern connectivity
conservation systematic conservation planning spatial prioritization PrioritizR territorial ecological restoration planning key area |
