| 摘要: |
| 空间形态体现了历史文化街区的内在组织规律，揭示了历史文化街区在结构与社会功能方面的内在联系。然而，纯粹依靠空间途径解决社会问题的局限
性越来越明显。为此，以张家口市堡子里为例，整合GIS与空间句法分析技术，从“空间-社会”视角构建历史文化街区空间形态识别-优化-验证方法。首先，从空
间和社会2个层面构建空间形态和社会热点指数；其次，从结构、特征和均衡性三方面对“空间-社会”结合较差的区域进行识别，并提出局部空间优化、轴线特征
强化和街巷空间细化的针对性优化措施；最后，从空间与社会协同方面对优化措施的有效性进行验证。量化和可视化了空间与社会协同机制，为实践层面构建系统
整合的经济社会高质量发展提供科学借鉴 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 历史文化街区 空间形态 空间句法 GIS |
| DOI：10.19775/j.cla.2025.04.0040 |
| 投稿时间：2024-10-14修订日期：2025-02-24 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(51978419)；辽宁省教育厅重点课题(LJ212410153004) |
|
| Research on the Identification, Optimization, and Verification of Spatial Forms of Historical andCultural Neighborhoods under the "Spatial-Social" Perspective |
| TANG Tianpeng,,HA Jing*,,CHEN Sisi,,WANG Wensiyu,,ZHANG Zhicheng |
| Abstract: |
| Spatial form, as the core element of historical and cultural districts,
not only reflects the inner organizational law of the district but also profoundly
reveals the intrinsic connection between the district in terms of structure and
social function. Traditional conservation and renewal of historical and cultural
neighborhoods have overly relied on spatial approaches, attempting to solve
complex social problems through the transformation of physical space. However,
with the acceleration of urbanization and the change in social structure, this
single spatial solution path has shown obvious limitations. Therefore, this
study takes the historical and cultural district of Buzili in Zhangjiakou City as
an example and innovatively integrates GIS technology and spatial syntax
analysis to construct a set of spatial morphology identification-optimizationverification
methodology system based on the dual "spatial-social" perspective,
aiming at exploring the synergistic mechanism of development between spatial
morphology and social function. In terms of research methodology, a multidimensional
analysis framework is first constructed. At the spatial level, the
spatial morphology of the neighborhood is quantitatively analyzed through GIS
technology, including indicators such as spatial accessibility, spatial integration,
and spatial connectivity. At the social level, a social hotspot index containing
elements such as population density, commercial vitality, and cultural activity
is constructed using big data analysis methods. Secondly, based on the
theory of spatial syntax, we accurately identify the areas with poor spatialsocial
integration from the three dimensions of structural characteristics, spatial
characteristics, and equilibrium. It is found that there is an obvious spatialsocial
functional imbalance in the Buzili, which is mainly manifested in the high
vacancy rate of historical buildings, the low utilization rate of public space, and
the irrational commercial layout. A systematic optimization strategy is proposed
for the identified problem areas. In terms of local spatial optimization, the
strategy of enhancing the utilization efficiency of historical buildings through
functional replacement and spatial reorganization is proposed. In terms of axial
characteristics, the strategy of constructing spatial sequences with clear priorities
and strengthening the spatial characteristics of historic districts is proposed.
In terms of street space refinement, it is proposed to enhance the vitality and
attractiveness of street space through micro-scale spatial transformation. These
optimization measures take into full consideration the protection requirements
and development needs of the historical and cultural neighborhoods and seek to
enhance the social functions and economic vitality of the neighborhoods while
protecting the historical features. To verify the effectiveness of the optimization
measures, a spatial and social synergy evaluation model is constructed. By
comparing and analyzing the spatial morphology index and social hotspot index
before and after optimization, the implementation effect of the optimization
measures was quantitatively evaluated. The results of the study show that
the optimized neighborhoods have significantly improved in terms of spatial
accessibility, functional mixing, and social vitality. The synergy between spatial
morphology and social functions is substantially improved. The visualization
analysis further reveals the interaction mechanism between spatial form and
social function, providing a new perspective for understanding the spatial-social
relationship of historical and cultural neighborhoods. In conclusion, this study
breaks through the traditional single spatial analysis method and constructs
an analytical framework with a dual "spatial-social" perspective. The organic
combination of GIS technology and spatial syntax analysis realizes the accurate
identification and quantitative analysis of the spatial patterns of historical
and cultural neighborhoods. Finally, the proposed optimization strategy and
validation method have strong operability and promotion value. The results of
the study not only provide a scientific basis for the protection and renewal of
the Buzili neighborhood but also provide a useful reference for the sustainable
development of other historical and cultural neighborhoods |
| Key words: landscape architecture historical and cultural neighborhoods spatial morphology spatial syntax GIS |
