| 摘要: |
| ：应对气候变化已成为全球共识，国家公园和自然保
护地既是应对气候变化的重要阵地，也是受气候变化影响的敏
感区域，但中国目前的研究和实践均还较薄弱，亟须借鉴域外
经验。系统梳理了美国国家公园体系中，气候变化对自然、文
化和社区的影响，概述了美国国家公园管理局的气候变化应对
行动，指出情景规划是重要的气候变化应对工具。总结了美
国国家公园在气候变化中开展情景规划的流程，提炼其规划特
征，并以魔鬼塔国家纪念区为案例，详析其情景规划实践过
程。在此基础上，总结了中国国家公园及体制试点区可能面临
的气候变化风险，对比了情景规划与传统规划的区别，明确目
前推广条件的欠缺，指出应逐步推广情景规划，并从实现科研
储备、奠定实践基础、建立规划体系三方面提出可能的路径，
对中国开展国家公园和自然保护地应对气候变化的相关工作具
有借鉴意义。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 国家公园 自然保护地 气候变化 情
景规划 生物多样性 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Addressing Climate Change in National Parks Based on Scenario Planning: American Experience and Implications for China |
| HE Liping,ZHONG Le,QIU Wen,TANG Jiale |
| Abstract: |
| It has become a global consensus to cope with climate
change. National parks and nature reserves are both important sites
for addressing climate change and also sensitive areas affected by
climate change. China's current researches and practices are still
lacking and urgently need to learn from overseas experience. The
article systematically reviews the impacts of climate change on nature,
culture, and communities in the U.S. National Park System, introduces
the climate change response actions of the U.S. National Park Service,
and points out that scenario planning is an important climate change
response tool. It also summarizes the scenario planning process of the U.S.
national parks in climate change, extracts its planning characteristics, and
uses Devil's Tower National Monument as a case to analyze its scenario
planning practice process in detail. On this basis, the paper summarizes
the possible climate change risks faced by Chinese national parks and
national park pilot areas, compares the differences between scenario
planning and forecast planning, clarifies the lack of current promotion
conditions, points out that scenario planning should be promoted
gradually, and proposes possible specific paths in three aspects: realizing
scientific research reserves, laying practical foundation, and establishing
planning system. It has implications for China's efforts to address climate
change in national parks and nature reserves. |
| Key words: landscape architecture national park protected area climate change scenario planning biodiversity |
