| 摘要: |
| 中国不断增加的认知症老年人群对专业认知症照料
设施提出了迫切需求。既有研究表明，康复花园是认知症照料
设施中支持老年人身心疗愈的重要空间载体。美国认知症照料
设施发展较早，在康复花园的建设和研究上有较为丰富的经
验。简要回顾了美国认知症康复花园的发展历程，梳理了认知
症老人对康复花园的需求与设计原则。基于对美国12所不同规
模和类型的认知症照料设施康复花园的实地调研，归纳了美国
认知症康复花园的规模和布局特征。结合案例花园实际使用效
果，总结出了美国认知症康复花园的6个设计特色，包括：室
内外空间协同设计、注重空间“自明性”设计、设置丰富的活
动设施、打造多层次过渡空间、营造不同私密层级的休憩交往
空间，以及鼓励老年人参与花园维护。研究结果可为今后我国
认知证照料设施康复花园的设计营建提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 美国 认知症 老年人照料设施 康复
花园 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目: |
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| A Case Study of Therapeutic Garden of MemoryCare Facilities in the U.S. |
| LI Jiajing,HUANG Qiuyun |
| Abstract: |
| The increasing number of people living with dementia
in China has put forward an urgent need for professional memory
care facilities. Existing studies have shown that the therapeutic
garden is critical in supporting the physical and cognitive healing
of people living with dementia. In the past three decades, the
design and research on the therapeutic garden for people living
with dementia flourished. This article briefly reviewed the
development of dementia gardens in the U.S. and the consensus
on design principles. Based on the investigation of 12 dementia
therapeutic gardens of different scales and types in the United
States, characteristics of scale and layout were summarized. Six
effective design features were extracted from the cases: designing
indoor and outdoor space together, naturally way finding design,
various facilities for activities, multiple buffer zones between indoor
and outdoor areas, sitting spaces of different levels of privacy, and
enrolling residents in garden maintenance. The results of this study
could offer a reference for the design and building of dementia
therapeutic gardens in China. |
| Key words: landscape architecture United States dementia care
facilities for the aged therapeutic garden |
