| 摘要: |
| 科学识别保护物种栖息地与社区生计的空间关系及
格局特征，是制定国家公园和自然保护地规划，减少野生动物
与人冲突的基础，是实现人与自然和谐共生的重要支撑。以高
原湿地旗舰物种黑颈鹤(Grus nigricollis )及保护地社区系
统为研究对象，选择黑颈鹤重要的越冬地——云南大山包黑颈
鹤国家级自然保护区为案例区，采用适宜性评价方法，结合
MaxEnt模型和多种空间分析技术，辨识和评价了黑颈鹤栖息
与当地社区生计空间的适宜性，基于二者的适宜性评价结果运
用空间自相关和椭圆标准差法，分析黑颈鹤栖息地保护空间与
社区生计空间的热点区域和分布方向特征。研究发现，黑颈鹤
保护与社区生计存在冲突、共生与共存的多种空间作用关系，
并具有动态变化特征；不同功能空间适宜性热点区虽然存在部
分重叠，但具备错位发展潜力。研究结果为科学制定国家公园
和自然保护地规划及管控对策，实现保护物种与社区协调发展
提供了科学支撑。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 国家公园和自然保护地 野生动物栖
息地 社区生计空间 适宜性评价 空间关系 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Suitability Evaluation Method for Identifying theSpatial Relationship between Flagship Species'Habitats and Local Communities' LivelihoodSpaces in Protected Areas |
| PENG Wanting,WU Chengzhao |
| Abstract: |
| The scientific identification of the spatial relationship and
pattern characteristics of protected species habitats and community
livelihood spaces is the basis for making scientific planning,
reducing human-wildlife conflicts, and realizing the harmonious
coexistence between human and nature. The study focused on
the flagship species of the plateau wetland, Black-necked Crane
(Grus nigricollis ) and the local human communities in protected
areas, and took an important wintering habitat – Dashanbao
Nature Reserve, Yunnan Province – as an example. The suitability
evaluation method with MaxEnt model and multiply spatial analysis
was used to identify and evaluate the suitability of Black-necked
Crane habitat and local community livelihood space. Based on
the results of suitability evaluation, the spatial autocorrelation and
elliptic standard deviation analysis were used to analyze hot spots
and distribution direction of Black-necked Crane habitat and local
community livelihood space. The results showed that multiple
spatial relationships of conflict, symbiosis and coexistence between
Black-necked Crane conservation and human community livelihood
had been found with dynamic feature. Besides, the hot spots of
different functional space suitability overlapped, which indicated the
potential of forming dislocation development. This study provides
scientific support for implementing scientific-based planning and
functional dislocation strategies, and balancing protected species
habitat conservation and community development. |
| Key words: landscape architecture national park and protected
area wildlife habitat community livelihood space suitability
evaluation spatial relationship |
