| 摘要: |
| 随着城市化的快速发展，贵州传统军事聚落的景观
格局正在遭遇被破坏的困境。通过梳理史料与实地勘察，结
合ArcGIS的数据分析，对明代贵州军事聚落的层级构建与分
类、分布规律、布局与选址特征等展开研究。研究发现：明代
贵州有着严密的军事制度，可分为“都司-卫-千户所-百户所-
总旗”5个层级；聚落沿驿道呈线性化分布规律，局部以点式
补充；其布局展示出纵深化与环绕状的军事戍防、占平坝与近
水源的农事相地、临驿道与织网式的交通组织等特征；根据聚
落规模大小及功能属性，可分为卫所聚落、屯堡聚落和功能聚
落3类；聚落选址以军事戍防为主导，充分利用贵州特有的景
观资源。从宏观至微观全面认知军事聚落的布局与选址，对于
保护贵州传统军事聚落的景观格局与未来城乡规划的发展具有
重大的意义。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 传统军事聚落 贵州 布局 选址特征 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Research on the Layout and Site Selection of theMilitary Settlements in Guizhou in the Ming Dynasty |
| ZHOU Chao,WANG Kexin,HUANG Chuli,LIN Qing |
| Abstract: |
| With the rapid development of urbanization, the
landscape pattern of traditional military settlements in Guizhou
is encountering the dilemma of being destroyed. By sorting out
historical materials and field surveys, combined with ArcGIS
data analysis, this paper conducts research on the hierarchical
construction and classification, distribution rules, layout and
location characteristics of military settlements in Guizhou in the
Ming Dynasty. The results show that in the Ming Dynasty, Guizhou
had a strict military system of the Dusi Weisuo. The settlements
had five levels: "Dusi - Wei - Qianhusuo - Baihusuo - Zongqi". The
settlements along the post road show a linear distribution law, and
some are distributed in points. Its layout shows the in-depth and
surrounding military garrison, the agricultural land that occupies
flat land and nears water sources, and the adjacent post road and the
network-like transportation organization. According to the size of
the settlements and their functional attributes, they can be divided
into three categories: Weisuo settlements, Tunpu settlements and
functional settlements. The settlement site selection is dominated
by military defense, making full use of Guizhou's unique landscape
resources. A comprehensive understanding of the layout and
location of military settlements from macro to micro is of great
significance for protecting the landscape pattern of traditional
military settlements in Guizhou and the development of future
urban and rural planning. |
| Key words: landscape architecture traditional military settlement Guizhou layout location characteristic |
